Literature References | 1. LENG, S. AND ELIAS, J.
Interleukin-11.
INT.J.BIOCHEM.CELL BIOL. 29 1059-1062 (1997).
2. TREPICCHIO, W. AND DORNER, A.
The therapeutic utility of Interleukin-11 in the treatment of inflammatory
disease.
EXPERT OPIN.INVESTIG.DRUGS 7 1501-1504 (1998).
3. WANG, T., HOLLAND, J., BOLS, N. AND SECOMBES, C.
Cloning and expression of the first nonmammalian interleukin-11 gene in
rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss.
FEBS J. 272 1136-1147 (2005).
4. HUISING, M., KRUISWIJK, C., VAN SCHIJNDEL, J., SAVELKOUL, H., FLIK, G.
AND VERBURG-VAN KEMENADE, B.
Multiple and highly divergent IL-11 genes in teleost fish.
IMMUNOGENETICS 57 432-443 (2005).
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Documentation | Interleukins (IL) are a group of cytokines that play an important role in
the immune system. They modulate inflammation and immunity by regulating
growth, mobility and differentiation of lymphoid and other cells.
Interleukin-11 (IL-11) is a pleiotropic cytokine that stimulates
megakaryocytopoiesis, resulting in increased production of platelets, as
well as activating osteoclasts, inhibiting epithelial cell proliferation
and apoptosis, and inhibiting macrophage mediator production. These
functions may be particularly important in mediating the hematopoietic,
osseous and mucosal protective effects of IL-11 [1]. The cytokine also
possesses anti-inflammatory activity, and has been proposed as a therapeutic
agent in the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases, such as Crohn's
disease and rheumatoid arthritis [2].
Although IL-11 was initially believed to be restricted to mammals,
subsequent studies demonstrated it to be expressed in fish [3,4]. Despite
close similarity in gene structure and conservation of key amino acids
between fish and mammalian IL-11, they share relatively low overall amino
acid identity and may not necessarily be functionally analogous [4].
INTLKN11MAML is a 3-element fingerprint that provides a signature for
mammalian interleukin-11. The fingerprint was derived from an initial
alignment of 6 sequences: the motifs were drawn from conserved regions
spanning the N-terminal two thirds of the alignment. A single iteration on
SPTR55_38f was required to reach convergence, no further sequences being
identified beyond the starting set.
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