| Literature References | 1. LAMMERS, P.J. AND BROWN, D.
The cytoskeleton.
http://www.nmsu.edu/~molbio/mcb520/lecture11.html
2. LODISH, H., BALTIMORE, D., BERK, A., ZIPURSKY, S.L., MATSUDAIRA, P.
AND DARNELL, J.
Microtubules and Intermediate Filaments
IN MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY, SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN BOOKS (NEW YORK), 1995,
PP.1107-1108.
3. MIDDLETON, K. AND DAVIS, A.
About intermediate filaments.
http://www.cytoskeleton.com/aif.htm
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| Documentation | Keratins are a well known group of intermediate filament proteins. Like
actin filaments, keratins are flexible but provide a firm cell skeleton.
Unlike actin, however, no known keratins are associated with motor
functions [1]. Approximately 10 keratins form the basis of hair or claw,
with a further 20 found in internal body cavity epithelia. They are also
found at desmosomes and hemi-desmosomes (cell/cell and cell/matrix contacts
respectively) [2].
Type I keratins are a group of acidic intermediate filament proteins that
exist as chains of heterodimers with basic type II keratins [3]. Each type
I keratin consists of head-, rod- and tail-like structures, the rod being
constructed from three linked coils: 1A, 1B and 2. Type I proteins are
associated with a number of inherited developmental disorders, such as
baldness, beading of hair, and skin blistering.
TYPE1KERATIN is a 5-element fingerprint that provides a signature for type
I keratins. The fingerprint was derived from an initial alignment of 34
sequences: the motifs were drawn from the central and C-terminal portions
of the alignment - motifs 1 and 2 fall within coil 1B; motif 3 resides
within linker 12; and motifs 4 and 5 are located within coil 2 (the region
encoded by PROSITE pattern IF (PS00226) lies between motif 5 and the
C-terminus, within coil 2). Three iterations on SPTR37_10f were required to
reach convergence, at which point a true set comprising 53 sequences was
identified. Several partial matches were also found, all of which are
intermediate filament proteins that mostly match motifs 2 and 5: Q90809 and
Q90976 are chicken CP49 proteins; Q13515 is a highly diverent human protein;
Q28177 is a bovine phakinin; and O96754 is from Amphioxus.
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| Sequence Titles | K1C0_XENLA KERATIN 3, TYPE I CYTOSKELETAL 51 KD (51 KD CYTOKERATIN) - XENOPUS LAEVIS (AFRIC
K1C1_CARAU KERATIN, TYPE I CYTOSKELETAL 50 KD (GK50) - CARASSIUS AURATUS (GOLDFISH).
K1C1_XENLA KERATIN, TYPE I CYTOSKELETAL 47 KD - XENOPUS LAEVIS (AFRICAN CLAWED FROG).
K1C4_XENLA KERATIN, TYPE I CYTOSKELETAL 47 KD - XENOPUS LAEVIS (AFRICAN CLAWED FROG).
K1C5_XENLA KERATIN, TYPE I CYTOSKELETAL 47 KD - XENOPUS LAEVIS (AFRICAN CLAWED FROG).
K1CI_HUMAN KERATIN, TYPE I CYTOSKELETAL 9 (CYTOKERATIN 9) (K9) (CK 9) - HOMO SAPIENS (HUMAN
K1CJ_BOVIN KERATIN, TYPE I CYTOSKELETAL VIB (CYTOKERATIN VIB) - BOS TAURUS (BOVINE).
K1CJ_HUMAN KERATIN, TYPE I CYTOSKELETAL 10 (CYTOKERATIN 10) (K10) (CK 10) - HOMO SAPIENS (H
K1CJ_MOUSE KERATIN, TYPE I CYTOSKELETAL 10 (CYTOKERATIN 10) (56 KD CYTOKERATIN) (KERATIN, T
K1CL_HUMAN KERATIN, TYPE I CYTOSKELETAL 12 (CYTOKERATIN 12) - HOMO SAPIENS (HUMAN).
K1CL_MOUSE KERATIN, TYPE I CYTOSKELETAL 12 (CYTOKERATIN 12) - MUS MUSCULUS (MOUSE).
K1CM_HUMAN KERATIN, TYPE I CYTOSKELETAL 13 (CYTOKERATIN 13) (K13) (CK 13) - HOMO SAPIENS (H
K1CM_MOUSE KERATIN, TYPE I CYTOSKELETAL 13 (CYTOKERATIN 13) (K13) (CK 13) (47 KD CYTOKERATI
K1CN_HUMAN KERATIN, TYPE I CYTOSKELETAL 14 (CYTOKERATIN 14) (K14) (CK 14) - HOMO SAPIENS (H
K1CO_HUMAN KERATIN, TYPE I CYTOSKELETAL 15 (CYTOKERATIN 15) (K15) (CK 15) - HOMO SAPIENS (H
K1CO_MOUSE KERATIN, TYPE I CYTOSKELETAL 15 (CYTOKERATIN 15) (K15) (CK 15) - MUS MUSCULUS (M
K1CP_HUMAN KERATIN, TYPE I CYTOSKELETAL 16 (CYTOKERATIN 16) (K16) (CK 16) - HOMO SAPIENS (H
K1CQ_HUMAN KERATIN, TYPE I CYTOSKELETAL 17 (CYTOKERATIN 17) (K17) (CK 17) (39.1) (VERSION 1
K1CR_HUMAN KERATIN, TYPE I CYTOSKELETAL 18 (CYTOKERATIN 18) (K18) (CK 18) - HOMO SAPIENS (H
K1CR_MOUSE KERATIN, TYPE I CYTOSKELETAL 18 (CYTOKERATIN 18) (CYTOKERATIN ENDO B) (KERATIN D
K1CS_BOVIN KERATIN, TYPE I CYTOSKELETAL 19 (CYTOKERATIN 19) (K19) (CK 19) - BOS TAURUS (BOV
K1CS_HUMAN KERATIN, TYPE I CYTOSKELETAL 19 (CYTOKERATIN 19) (K19) (CK 19) - HOMO SAPIENS (H
K1CS_MOUSE KERATIN, TYPE I CYTOSKELETAL 19 (CYTOKERATIN 19) (K19) (CK 19) - MUS MUSCULUS (M
K1CS_POTTR KERATIN, TYPE I CYTOSKELETAL 19 (CYTOKERATIN 19) (K19) (CK 19) - POTOROUS TRIDAC
K1CT_HUMAN KERATIN, TYPE I CYTOSKELETAL 20 (CYTOKERATIN 20) (K20) (CK 20) - HOMO SAPIENS (H
K1CU_RAT KERATIN, TYPE I CYTOSKELETAL 21 (CYTOKERATIN 21) (K21) - RATTUS NORVEGICUS (RAT)
K1CX_HUMAN KERATIN, TYPE I CYTOSKELETAL 17 (CYTOKERATIN 17) (K17) (CK 17) (VERSION 2) - HOM
K1M1_HUMAN KERATIN, TYPE I CUTICULAR HA1 (HAIR KERATIN, TYPE I HA1) - HOMO SAPIENS (HUMAN).
K1M1_MOUSE KERATIN, TYPE I CUTICULAR HA1 (HAIR KERATIN, TYPE I HA1) (HKA-1) - MUS MUSCULUS
K1M1_SHEEP KERATIN, TYPE I MICROFIBRILLAR 48 KD, COMPONENT 8C-1 (LOW-SULFUR KERATIN) - OVIS
K1M2_HUMAN KERATIN, TYPE I CUTICULAR HA2 (HAIR KERATIN, TYPE I HA2) - HOMO SAPIENS (HUMAN).
K1M2_MOUSE KERATIN, TYPE I CUTICULAR HA2 (HAIR KERATIN, TYPE I HA2) - MUS MUSCULUS (MOUSE).
K1M2_SHEEP KERATIN, TYPE I MICROFIBRILLAR, 47.6 KD (LOW-SULFUR KERATIN) - OVIS ARIES (SHEEP
K1M5_HUMAN KERATIN, TYPE I CUTICULAR HA5 (HAIR KERATIN, TYPE I HA5) - HOMO SAPIENS (HUMAN).
O18740 KERATIN - CANIS FAMILIARIS (DOG).
O57607 TYPE I KERATIN S5 - ONCORHYNCHUS MYKISS (RAINBOW TROUT) (SALMO GAIRDNERI).
O57611 TYPE I KERATIN SK18 - SCYLIORHINUS STELLARIS.
O76009 KERATIN, TYPE I - HOMO SAPIENS (HUMAN).
O76010 KERATIN, TYPE I - HOMO SAPIENS (HUMAN).
O76011 KERATIN TYPE I - HOMO SAPIENS (HUMAN).
O76012 KERATIN, TYPE I - HOMO SAPIENS (HUMAN).
O76013 KERATIN, TYPE I - HOMO SAPIENS (HUMAN).
O76014 KERATIN, TYPE I - HOMO SAPIENS (HUMAN).
O76015 KERATIN, TYPE I - HOMO SAPIENS (HUMAN).
O77727 K15 INTERMEDIATE FILAMENT TYPE I KERATIN - OVIS ARIES (SHEEP).
O93256 KERATIN-19 - GALLUS GALLUS (CHICKEN).
Q07426 KERATIN - CARASSIUS AURATUS (GOLDFISH).
Q07427 KERATIN - CARASSIUS AURATUS (GOLDFISH).
Q14664 KERATIN 10 - HOMO SAPIENS (HUMAN).
Q16402 TYPE I KERATIN 16 - HOMO SAPIENS (HUMAN).
Q9Z2K1 KERATIN 16 - MUS MUSCULUS (MOUSE).
Q9Z2T8 HAIR KERATIN ACIDIC 5 - MUS MUSCULUS (MOUSE).
Q9Z320 C29 - MUS MUSCULUS (MOUSE).
O96754 INTERMEDIATE FILAMENT PROTEIN E2 - BRANCHIOSTOMA LANCEOLATUM (COMMON LANCELET) (
Q13515 BEADED FILAMENT PROTEIN CP49 - HOMO SAPIENS (HUMAN).
Q28177 PHAKININ - BOS TAURUS (BOVINE).
Q90809 INTERMEDIATE FILAMENT PROTEIN CP49INS - GALLUS GALLUS (CHICKEN).
Q90976 INTERMEDIATE FILAMENT PROTEIN CP49 - GALLUS GALLUS (CHICKEN).
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