| Literature References | 1. LAMMERS, P.J. AND BROWN, D.
The cytoskeleton
http://www.nmsu.edu/~molbio/mcb520/lecture11.html
2. LODISH, H., BALTIMORE, D., BERK, A., ZIPURSKY, S.L., MATSUDAIRA, P.
AND DARNELL, J.
Microtubules and Intermediate Filaments
IN MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY, SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN BOOKS (NEW YORK), 1995,
pp.1107-1108
3. DIRESTA, D.
Cytoskeleton and cell motility
http://fig.cox.miami.edu/~ddiresta/bil255/chap09.htm
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| Documentation | Keratins are a well known group of intermediate filament proteins. Like
actin filaments, keratins are flexible but provide a firm cell skeleton.
Unlike actin, however, no known keratins are associated with motor
functions [1]. Approximately 10 keratins form the basis of hair or claw,
with a further 20 found in internal body cavity epithelia. They are also
found at desmosomes and hemi-desmosomes (cell/cell and cell/matrix contacts
respectively) [2].
Type II keratins are the basic or neutral courterparts to the acidic type I
keratins. Each type II keratin forms a heterodimer with a specific acidic
keratin, and the heterodimers are organised into tetramers and then into
chains [3]. Type II keratins consist of head-, rod- and tail-like
structures, the rod being constructed from three linked coils: 1A, 1B and 2.
The head and tail structures of the type 2 keratins are highly variable
low-complexity regions.
TYPE2KERATIN is a 6-element fingerprint that provides a signature for type
II keratins. The fingerprint was derived from an initial alignment of 8
sequences: the motifs were drawn from conserved regions spanning the rod
section of the alignment - motifs 1 and 2 span coil 1A, motif 2 extending
into linker 1; motifs 3 and 4 cover coil 1B; and motifs 5 and 6 reside
within coil 2. Three iterations on SPTR37.10f were required to reach
convergence, at which point a true set comprising 40 sequences was
identified.
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| Sequence Titles | ION3_CARAU INTERMEDIATE FILAMENT PROTEIN ON3 - CARASSIUS AURATUS (GOLDFISH).
K22E_HUMAN KERATIN, TYPE II CYTOSKELETAL 2 EPIDERMAL (CYTOKERATIN 2E) (K2E) (CK 2E) - HOMO SAPIENS (HUMAN).
K22O_HUMAN KERATIN, TYPE II CYTOSKELETAL 2 ORAL (CYTOKERATIN 2P) (K2P) (CK 2P) - HOMO SAPIENS (HUMAN).
K2C1_HUMAN KERATIN, TYPE II CYTOSKELETAL 1 (CYTOKERATIN 1) (K1) (CK 1) (67 KD CYTOKERATIN) (HAIR ALPHA PROTEIN) - HOMO SAPIENS (HUMAN).
K2C3_HUMAN KERATIN, TYPE II CYTOSKELETAL 3 (CYTOKERATIN 3) (K3) (CK3) (65 KD CYTOKERATIN) - HOMO SAPIENS (HUMAN).
K2C4_HUMAN KERATIN, TYPE II CYTOSKELETAL 4 (CYTOKERATIN 4) (K4) (CK4) - HOMO SAPIENS (HUMAN).
K2C4_MOUSE KERATIN, TYPE II CYTOSKELETAL 4 (CYTOKERATIN 4) (CYTOSKELETAL 57 KD KERATIN) - MUS MUSCULUS (MOUSE).
K2C5_HUMAN KERATIN, TYPE II CYTOSKELETAL 5 (CYTOKERATIN 5) (K5) (CK 5) (58 KD CYTOKERATIN) - HOMO SAPIENS (HUMAN).
K2C5_XENLA KERATIN, TYPE II CYTOSKELETAL (XENCK55(5/6)) - XENOPUS LAEVIS (AFRICAN CLAWED FROG).
K2C6_MOUSE KERATIN, TYPE II CYTOSKELETAL 6 (CYTOKERATIN 6) (CK 6) (K6 KERATIN) - MUS MUSCULUS (MOUSE).
K2C7_HUMAN KERATIN, TYPE II CYTOSKELETAL 7 (CYTOKERATIN 7) (K7) (CK 7) - HOMO SAPIENS (HUMAN).
K2C8_HUMAN KERATIN, TYPE II CYTOSKELETAL 8 (CYTOKERATIN 8) (K8) (CK 8) - HOMO SAPIENS (HUMAN).
K2C8_MOUSE KERATIN, TYPE II CYTOSKELETAL 8 (CYTOKERATIN 8) (CYTOKERATIN ENDO A) - MUS MUSCULUS (MOUSE).
K2C8_RAT KERATIN, TYPE II CYTOSKELETAL 8 (CYTOKERATIN 8) (CYTOKERATIN ENDO A) - RATTUS NORVEGICUS (RAT).
K2C8_XENLA KERATIN, TYPE II CYTOSKELETAL 8 (CYTOKERATIN 8) - XENOPUS LAEVIS (AFRICAN CLAWED FROG).
K2CA_HUMAN KERATIN, TYPE II CYTOSKELETAL 6A (CYTOKERATIN 6A) (CK 6A) (K6A KERATIN) - HOMO SAPIENS (HUMAN).
K2CB_HUMAN KERATIN, TYPE II CYTOSKELETAL 6B (CYTOKERATIN 6B) (CK 6B) (K6B KERATIN) - HOMO SAPIENS (HUMAN).
K2CC_HUMAN KERATIN, TYPE II CYTOSKELETAL 6C (CYTOKERATIN 6C) (CK 6C) (K6C KERATIN) - HOMO SAPIENS (HUMAN).
K2CE_HUMAN KERATIN, TYPE II CYTOSKELETAL 6E (CYTOKERATIN 6E) (CK 6E) (K6E KERATIN) - HOMO SAPIENS (HUMAN).
K2CF_HUMAN KERATIN, TYPE II CYTOSKELETAL 6F (CYTOKERATIN 6F) (CK 6F) (K6F KERATIN) - HOMO SAPIENS (HUMAN).
K2M2_SHEEP KERATIN, TYPE II MICROFIBRILLAR, COMPONENT 7C - OVIS ARIES (SHEEP).
K2M3_SHEEP KERATIN, TYPE II MICROFIBRILLAR, COMPONENT 5 - OVIS ARIES (SHEEP).
O43790 KERATIN PROTEIN HB6 - HOMO SAPIENS (HUMAN).
O57610 TYPE II KERATIN SK8 - SCYLIORHINUS STELLARIS.
O93532 OTOKERATIN - GALLUS GALLUS (CHICKEN).
O95678 CYTOKERATIN TYPE II - HOMO SAPIENS (HUMAN).
P78385 TYPE II INTERMEDIATE FILAMENT OF HAIR KERATIN - HOMO SAPIENS (HUMAN).
P78386 TYPE II INTERMEDIATE FILAMENT OF HAIR KERATIN - HOMO SAPIENS (HUMAN).
Q06018 KERATIN, TYPE II MICROFIBRILLAR - OVIS ARIES (SHEEP).
Q14533 KERATIN (HAIR TYPE II BASIC KERATIN) (KERATIN LIKE) - HOMO SAPIENS (HUMAN).
Q28582 HAIR TYPE II KERATIN INTERMEDIATE FILAMENT PROTEIN - OVIS ARIES (SHEEP).
Q29426 KERATIN K3 - ORYCTOLAGUS CUNICULUS (RABBIT).
Q61463 CYTOKERATIN ENDO A - MUS MUSCULUS (MOUSE).
Q61518 KERATIN TYPE II (ENDO (CYTOKERATIN) A, 5' END) - MUS MUSCULUS (MOUSE).
Q61869 KERATIN COMPLEX 2, BASIC, PROTEIN 2 (KERATIN 2 EPIDERMIS) - MUS MUSCULUS (MOUSE).
Q91219 CYTOKERATIN S - ONCORHYNCHUS MYKISS (RAINBOW TROUT) (SALMO GAIRDNERI).
Q9YH07 EPIDERMAL KERATIN TYPE II - SCYLIORHINUS STELLARIS.
Q9Z2T6 HAIR KERATIN BASIC 5 - MUS MUSCULUS (MOUSE).
Q9Z331 KERATIN 6 BETA - MUS MUSCULUS (MOUSE).
Q9Z332 KERATIN 6 ALPHA - MUS MUSCULUS (MOUSE).
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