| Literature References | 1. KURLAND, C.G., JORGENSEN, F., RICHTER, A., EHRENBERG, M., BILGIN, N.
AND ROJAS, A.-M.
IN THE RIBOSOME: STRUCTURE, FUNCTION AND EVOLUTION (ED. W.E.HILL ET AL.)
PP.513-526 (AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MICROBIOLOGY, WASHINGTON DC).
2. MUELLER, F. AND BRIMACOMBE, R.
A new model for the three-dimensional folding of Escherichia coli
16S ribosomal RNA. II. The RNA-protein interaction data.
J.MOL.BIOL. 271(4) 545-565 (1997).
3. AGAFONOV, D.E., KOLB, V.A. AND SPIRIN, A.S.
Proteins on ribosome surface: measurements of protein exposure by
hot tritium bombardment technique.
PROC.NATL.ACAD.SCI.U.S.A. 94(24) 12892-7 (1997).
4. KITAGAWA, M., TAKASAWA, S., KIKUCHI, N., ITOH, T,. TERAOKA, H.,
YAMAMOTO, H. AND OKAMOTO, H.
Rig encodes ribosomal protein S15. The primary structure of mammalian
ribosomal protein S15.
FEBS LETT. 283(2) 210 (1991).
5. OTAKA, E., SUZUKI, K. AND HASHIMOTO, T.
Examination of protein sequence homologies. VII. The complementary molecular
coevolution of ribosomal proteins equivalent to Escherichia coli L7/L12 and
L10.
PROTEIN SEQ.DATA ANAL. 3 11-19 (1990).
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| Documentation | Ribosomes are ribonucleoprotein particles that are the site of protein
synthesis. The structure of the ribosome is well conserved across the
prokaryotic and eukaryotic lineages, reflecting the early origin of their
essential function. They comprise two subunits, which can dissociate on
heating. In prokaryotes, the small subunit contains a single large RNA
moeity denoted, according to its sedimentation coefficient, 16S rRNA, and 21
different ribosomal proteins, designated S1-S21. Eukaryotic small ribosomal
subunits contain 33 proteins, many of which are similar to those found
in prokaryotes.
There are two major tRNA binding sites on the ribosome, termed the A site,
where incoming aminoacyl-tRNA is bound, and the P site (for peptidyl tRNA),
where new peptide bonds are formed. The ribosomal proteins catalyse ribosome
assembly and stabilise the rRNA, tuning the structure of the ribosome for
optimal function [1]. Evidence suggests that, in prokaryotes, the peptidyl
transferase reaction is performed by the large subunit 23S rRNA, whereas
proteins probably have a greater role in eukaryotic ribosomes. Most of the
proteins lie close to, or on the surface of, the 30S subunit, arranged
peripherally around the rRNA [2]. The small subunit ribosomal proteins can
be categorised as primary binding proteins, which bind directly and
independently to 16S rRNA; secondary binding proteins, which display no
specific affinity for 16S rRNA, but its assembly is contingent upon the
presence of one or more primary binding proteins; and tertiary binding
proteins, which require the presence of one or more secondary binding
proteins and sometimes other tertiary binding proteins.
The small ribosomal subunit protein S19 contains 88-144 amino acid residues.
In Escherichia coli, S19 is known to form a complex with S13 that binds
strongly to 16S ribosomal RNA. Experimental evidence [3] has revealed that
S19 is moderately exposed on the ribosomal surface, and is designated
a secondary rRNA binding protein. S19 belongs to a family of ribosomal
proteins [3,4] that includes: eubacterial S19; algal and plant chloroplast
S19; cyanelle S19; archaebacterial S19; plant mitochondrial S19; and
eukaryotic S15 (`rig' protein).
RIBOSOMALS19 is a 3-element fingerprint that provides a signature for S19
ribosomal proteins. The fingerprint was derived from an initial alignment
of 29 sequences: the motifs were drawn from short conserved regions spanning
the full alignment length - motifs 3 and 4 span the conserved C-terminal
region encoded by PROSITE pattern RIBOSOMAL_S19 (PS00323). Two iterations
on OWL30.2 were required to reach convergence, at which point a true set
comprising 66 sequences was identified. A single partial match was also
found, RS19_YERPS, a fragment that lacks the portion of sequence bearing
motif 3.
An update on SPTR37_9f identified a true set of 62 sequences, and 1
partial match.
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| Sequence Titles | O21248 RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S19 - RECLINOMONAS AMERICANA.
O28358 SSU RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S19P (RPS19P) - ARCHAEOGLOBUS FULGIDUS.
O52336 RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S19 - MYCOPLASMA GALLISEPTICUM.
O59422 132AA LONG HYPOTHETICAL 30S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S19 - PYROCOCCUS HORIKOSHII.
O65059 PROBABLE 40S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S15 - PICEA MARIANA (BLACK SPRUCE).
O84529 S19 RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN - CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS.
P92813 RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S19 - ORYZA SATIVA (RICE).
Q23889 RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S19 - DICTYOSTELIUM DISCOIDEUM (SLIME MOLD).
Q36570 RPS19 PROTEIN - NICOTIANA BIGELOVII (BIGELOV'S TOBACCO).
Q36603 RPS19 PROTEIN - NICOTIANA TABACUM (COMMON TOBACCO).
Q50265 RPL23 - PHYTOPLASMA SP.
RR19_ASTLO CHLOROPLAST 30S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S19 - ASTASIA LONGA (EUGLENOPHYCEAN ALGA).
RR19_CHLVU CHLOROPLAST 30S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S19 - CHLORELLA VULGARIS.
RR19_CYAPA CYANELLE 30S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S19 - CYANOPHORA PARADOXA.
RR19_EPIVI CHLOROPLAST 30S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S19 - EPIFAGUS VIRGINIANA (BEECHDROPS).
RR19_EUGGR CHLOROPLAST 30S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S19 - EUGLENA GRACILIS.
RR19_GUITH CHLOROPLAST 30S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S19 - GUILLARDIA THETA (CRYPTOMONAS PHI).
RR19_MAIZE CHLOROPLAST 30S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S19 - ZEA MAYS (MAIZE).
RR19_MARPO CHLOROPLAST 30S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S19 - MARCHANTIA POLYMORPHA (LIVERWORT).
RR19_ODOSI CHLOROPLAST 30S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S19 - ODONTELLA SINENSIS.
RR19_ORYSA CHLOROPLAST 30S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S19 - ORYZA SATIVA (RICE).
RR19_PEA CHLOROPLAST 30S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S19 - PISUM SATIVUM (GARDEN PEA).
RR19_PICAB CHLOROPLAST 30S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S19 - PICEA ABIES (NORWAY SPRUCE) (PICEA EXCELSA).
RR19_PINTH CHLOROPLAST 30S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S19 - PINUS THUNBERGII (GREEN PINE) (JAPANESE BLACK PINE).
RR19_PORPU CHLOROPLAST 30S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S19 - PORPHYRA PURPUREA.
RR19_SECCE CHLOROPLAST 30S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S19 - SECALE CEREALE (RYE).
RR19_SOYBN CHLOROPLAST 30S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S19 - GLYCINE MAX (SOYBEAN).
RR19_SPIOL CHLOROPLAST 30S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S19 (CS-S23) - SPINACIA OLERACEA (SPINACH).
RR19_TOBAC CHLOROPLAST 30S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S19 - NICOTIANA TABACUM (COMMON TOBACCO).
RS15_ARATH 40S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S15 - ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA (MOUSE-EAR CRESS).
RS15_HUMAN 40S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S15 (RIG PROTEIN) - HOMO SAPIENS (HUMAN), MUS MUSCULUS (MOUSE), RATTUS NORVEGICUS (RAT), MESOCRICETUS AURATUS (GOLDEN HAMSTER), AND GALLUS GALLUS (CHICKEN).
RS15_ORYSA 40S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S15 - ORYZA SATIVA (RICE).
RS15_PODAN 40S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S15 (S12) - PODOSPORA ANSERINA.
RS15_XENLA 40S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S15 (RIG PROTEIN) - XENOPUS LAEVIS (AFRICAN CLAWED FROG).
RS15_XIPMA 40S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S15 (RIG PROTEIN) - XIPHOPHORUS MACULATUS (SOUTHERN PLATYFISH).
RS15_YEAST 40S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S15 (S21) (YS21) (RP52) (RIG PROTEIN) - SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE (BAKER'S YEAST).
RS19_AQUAE 30S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S19 - AQUIFEX AEOLICUS.
RS19_BACST 30S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S19 (BS19) - BACILLUS STEAROTHERMOPHILUS.
RS19_BACSU 30S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S19 (BS19) - BACILLUS SUBTILIS.
RS19_BORBU 30S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S19 - BORRELIA BURGDORFERI (LYME DISEASE SPIROCHETE).
RS19_ECOLI 30S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S19 - ESCHERICHIA COLI.
RS19_HAEIN 30S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S19 - HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE, AND ACTINOBACILLUS ACTINOMYCETEMCOMITANS (HAEMOPHILUS ACTINOMYCETEMCOMITANS).
RS19_HALHA 30S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S19 (HHAS19) - HALOBACTERIUM HALOBIUM.
RS19_HALMA 30S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S19 (HMAS19) (HS18) - HALOARCULA MARISMORTUI (HALOBACTERIUM MARISMORTUI).
RS19_HELPY 30S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S19 - HELICOBACTER PYLORI (CAMPYLOBACTER PYLORI).
RS19_METJA 30S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S19P - METHANOCOCCUS JANNASCHII.
RS19_METTH 30S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S19P - METHANOBACTERIUM THERMOAUTOTROPHICUM.
RS19_MYCCA 30S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S19 - MYCOPLASMA CAPRICOLUM.
RS19_MYCGE 30S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S19 - MYCOPLASMA GENITALIUM.
RS19_MYCLE 30S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S19 - MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE.
RS19_MYCPN 30S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S19 - MYCOPLASMA PNEUMONIAE.
RS19_MYCTU 30S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S19 - MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS, AND MYCOBACTERIUM BOVIS.
RS19_SYNP6 30S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S19 - SYNECHOCOCCUS SP. (STRAIN PCC 6301).
RS19_SYNY3 30S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S19 - SYNECHOCYSTIS SP. (STRAIN PCC 6803).
RS19_THEMA 30S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S19 - THERMOTOGA MARITIMA.
RS19_TREPA 30S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S19 - TREPONEMA PALLIDUM.
RT19_ARATH 40S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S19, MITOCHONDRIAL PRECURSOR - ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA (MOUSE-EAR CRESS).
RT19_MARPO MITOCHONDRIAL RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S19 - MARCHANTIA POLYMORPHA (LIVERWORT).
RT19_PETHY MITOCHONDRIAL RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S19 - PETUNIA HYBRIDA (PETUNIA).
RT19_PLASU MITOCHONDRIAL RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S19 - PLATYMONAS SUBCORDIFORMIS.
RT19_PROWI MITOCHONDRIAL RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S19 - PROTOTHECA WICKERHAMII.
YN8L_YEAST PUTATIVE 40S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN YNR037C - SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE (BAKER'S YEAST).
O59084 639AA LONG HYPOTHETICAL PROTEIN - PYROCOCCUS HORIKOSHII.
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