| Literature References | 1. KLINGENBERG, M.
Mechanism and evolution of the uncoupling protein of brown adipose tissue.
TRENDS BIOCHEM.SCI. 15 108-112 (1990).
2. KUAN, J. AND SAIER, M.H. JR.
The mitochondrial carrier family of transport proteins: structural,
functional, and evolutionary relationships.
CRIT.REV.BIOCHEM.MOL.BIOL. 28 209-233 (1993).
3. KUAN, J. AND SAIER, M.H. JR.
Expansion of the mitochondrial carrier family.
RES.MICROBIOL. 144 671-672 (1993).
4. NELSON, D.R., LAWSON, J.E., KLINGENBERG, M. AND DOUGLAS, M.G.
Site-directed mutagenesis of the yeast mitochondrial ADP/ATP translocator.
Six arginines and one lysine are essential.
J.MOL.BIOL. 230 1159-1170 (1993).
5. COZENS, A.L., RUNSWICK, M.J. AND WALKER, J.E.
DNA sequences of two expressed nuclear genes for human mitochondrial
ADP/ATP translocase.
J.MOL.BIOL. 206 261-280 (1989).
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| Documentation | A variety of substrate carrier proteins that are involved in energy transfer
are found in the inner mitochondrial membrane [1-4]. Such proteins include:
ADP,ATP carrier protein (ADP/ATP translocase); 2-oxoglutarate/malate carrier
protein; phosphate carrier protein; tricarboxylate transport protein (or
citrate transport protein); Graves disease carrier protein; yeast mito-
chondrial proteins MRS3 and MRS4; yeast mitochondrial FAD carrier protein;
and many others.
Sequence analysis of selected members of the carrier protein family has
suggested the presence of six transmembrane (TM) domains, with varying
degrees of sequence conservation and hydrophilicity [2]. The TM regions,
and adjacent hydrophilic loops, are more highly conserved than other
regions of the proteins [2]. All members of the family appear to consist
of a tripartite structure, each of the repeated segments being ~100 residues
in length [2]. Each repeat contains two TM domains, the first being more
hydrophobic, with conserved glycyl and prolyl residues. Five of the six TM
domains are followed by the conserved sequence (D/E)-Hy(K/R){where - denotes
any residue, and Hy is a hydrophobic position} [2].
Mitochondrial ADP/ATP translocase, an abundant component of the inner
membrane, carries ATP from the matrix into the inter-membrane space and
transports ADP back [5]. The protein is an integral membrane protein that
functions as a homodimer.
ADPTRNSLCASE is a 5-element fingerprint that provides a signature for
adenine nucleotide carrier proteins. The fingerprint was derived from
an initial alignment of 5 sequences: the motifs were drawn from short
conserved regions spanning virtually the full alignment length - motif 1
includes the C-terminal residues of putative TM domain 1; motif 3 contains
the C-terminal residues of putative TM domain 2; motif 4 spans TM domain 3;
and motif 5 spans TM domain 5. Three iterations on OWL30.2 were required to
reach convergence, at which point a true set comprising 55 sequences was
identified. Several partial matches were also found, all of which are
fragments or homologues that fail to match one or more motifs.
An update on SPTR57.15_40.15f identified a true set of 336 sequences.
Numerous partial matches were also found, all of which are homologues that
fail to match one or more motfs.
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| Sequence Titles | ADT1_BOVIN ADP,ATP CARRIER PROTEIN, HEART ISOFORM T1 (ADP/ATP TRANSLOCASE 1) (ADENINE NUCLEOTIDE TRANSLOCATOR 1) (ANT 1) - BOS TAURUS (BOVINE).
ADT1_GOSHI ADP,ATP CARRIER PROTEIN 1 PRECURSOR (ADP/ATP TRANSLOCASE 1) (ADENINE NUCLEOTIDE TRANSLOCATOR 1) (ANT 1) - GOSSYPIUM HIRSUTUM (UPLAND COTTON).
ADT1_HUMAN ADP,ATP CARRIER PROTEIN, HEART/SKELETAL MUSCLE ISOFORM T1 (ADP/ATP TRANSLOCASE 1) (ADENINE NUCLEOTIDE TRANSLOCATOR 1) (ANT 1) - HOMO SAPIENS (HUMAN).
ADT1_MAIZE ADP,ATP CARRIER PROTEIN 1 PRECURSOR (ADP/ATP TRANSLOCASE 1) (ADENINE NUCLEOTIDE TRANSLOCATOR 1) (ANT 1) - ZEA MAYS (MAIZE).
ADT1_MOUSE ADP,ATP CARRIER PROTEIN, HEART ISOFORM T1 (ADP/ATP TRANSLOCASE 1) (ADENINE NUCLEOTIDE TRANSLOCATOR 1) (ANT 1) - MUS MUSCULUS (MOUSE).
ADT1_RAT ADP,ATP CARRIER PROTEIN, HEART/SKELETAL MUSCLE ISOFORM T1 (ADP/ATP TRANSLOCASE 1) (ADENINE NUCLEOTIDE TRANSLOCATOR 1) (ANT 1) - RATTUS NORVEGICUS (RAT).
ADT1_SOLTU ADP,ATP CARRIER PROTEIN PRECURSOR (ADP/ATP TRANSLOCASE) (ADENINE NUCLEOTIDE TRANSLOCATOR) (ANT) - SOLANUM TUBEROSUM (POTATO).
ADT1_WHEAT ADP,ATP CARRIER PROTEIN 1 PRECURSOR (ADP/ATP TRANSLOCASE 1) (ADENINE NUCLEOTIDE TRANSLOCATOR 1) (ANT 1) - TRITICUM AESTIVUM (WHEAT).
ADT1_YEAST ADP,ATP CARRIER PROTEIN 1 (ADP/ATP TRANSLOCASE 1) (ADENINE NUCLEOTIDE TRANSLOCATOR 1) (ANT 1) - SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE (BAKER'S YEAST).
ADT2_ARATH ADP,ATP CARRIER PROTEIN 2 PRECURSOR (ADP/ATP TRANSLOCASE 2) (ADENINE NUCLEOTIDE TRANSLOCATOR 2) (ANT 2) - ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA (MOUSE-EAR CRESS).
ADT2_HUMAN ADP,ATP CARRIER PROTEIN, FIBROBLAST ISOFORM (ADP/ATP TRANSLOCASE 2) (ADENINE NUCLEOTIDE TRANSLOCATOR 2) (ANT 2) - HOMO SAPIENS (HUMAN).
ADT2_MAIZE ADP,ATP CARRIER PROTEIN 2 PRECURSOR (ADP/ATP TRANSLOCASE 2) (ADENINE NUCLEOTIDE TRANSLOCATOR 2) (ANT 2) - ZEA MAYS (MAIZE).
ADT2_MOUSE ADP,ATP CARRIER PROTEIN, FIBROBLAST ISOFORM (ADP/ATP TRANSLOCASE 2) (ADENINE NUCLEOTIDE TRANSLOCATOR 2) (ANT 2) - MUS MUSCULUS (MOUSE).
ADT2_RAT ADP,ATP CARRIER PROTEIN, FIBROBLAST ISOFORM (ADP/ATP TRANSLOCASE 2) (ADENINE NUCLEOTIDE TRANSLOCATOR 2) (ANT 2) - RATTUS NORVEGICUS (RAT).
ADT2_WHEAT ADP,ATP CARRIER PROTEIN 2 PRECURSOR (ADP/ATP TRANSLOCASE 2) (ADENINE NUCLEOTIDE TRANSLOCATOR 2) (ANT 2) - TRITICUM AESTIVUM (WHEAT).
ADT2_YEAST ADP,ATP CARRIER PROTEIN 2 (ADP/ATP TRANSLOCASE 2) (ADENINE NUCLEOTIDE TRANSLOCATOR 2) (ANT 2) - SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE (BAKER'S YEAST).
ADT3_BOVIN ADP,ATP CARRIER PROTEIN, ISOFORM T2 (ADP/ATP TRANSLOCASE 3) (ADENINE NUCLEOTIDE TRANSLOCATOR 3) (ANT 3) - BOS TAURUS (BOVINE).
ADT3_HUMAN ADP,ATP CARRIER PROTEIN, LIVER ISOFORM T2 (ADP/ATP TRANSLOCASE 3) (ADENINE NUCLEOTIDE TRANSLOCATOR 3) (ANT 3) - HOMO SAPIENS (HUMAN).
ADT3_YEAST ADP,ATP CARRIER PROTEIN 3 (ADP/ATP TRANSLOCASE 3) (ADENINE NUCLEOTIDE TRANSLOCATOR 3) (ANT 3) - SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE (BAKER'S YEAST).
ADT_ANOGA ADP,ATP CARRIER PROTEIN (ADP/ATP TRANSLOCASE) (ADENINE NUCLEOTIDE TRANSLOCATOR) (ANT) - ANOPHELES GAMBIAE (AFRICAN MALARIA MOSQUITO).
ADT_CHLKE ADP,ATP CARRIER PROTEIN (ADP/ATP TRANSLOCASE) (ADENINE NUCLEOTIDE TRANSLOCATOR) (ANT) - CHLORELLA KESSLERI.
ADT_CHLRE ADP,ATP CARRIER PROTEIN (ADP/ATP TRANSLOCASE) (ADENINE NUCLEOTIDE TRANSLOCATOR) (ANT) - CHLAMYDOMONAS REINHARDTII.
ADT_DROME ADP,ATP CARRIER PROTEIN (ADP/ATP TRANSLOCASE) (ADENINE NUCLEOTIDE TRANSLOCATOR) (ANT) (STRESS SENSITIVE B PROTEIN) - DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER (FRUIT FLY).
ADT_KLULA ADP,ATP CARRIER PROTEIN (ADP/ATP TRANSLOCASE) (ADENINE NUCLEOTIDE TRANSLOCATOR) (ANT) - KLUYVEROMYCES LACTIS (YEAST).
ADT_NEUCR ADP,ATP CARRIER PROTEIN (ADP/ATP TRANSLOCASE) (ADENINE NUCLEOTIDE TRANSLOCATOR) (ANT) - NEUROSPORA CRASSA.
ADT_ORYSA ADP,ATP CARRIER PROTEIN PRECURSOR (ADP/ATP TRANSLOCASE) (ADENINE NUCLEOTIDE TRANSLOCATOR) (ANT) - ORYZA SATIVA (RICE).
ADT_SCHPO ADP,ATP CARRIER PROTEIN (ADP/ATP TRANSLOCASE) (ADENINE NUCLEOTIDE TRANSLOCATOR) (ANT) - SCHIZOSACCHAROMYCES POMBE (FISSION YEAST).
O01813 SIMILAR TO ADP - CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS.
O43350 ADP,ATP CARRIER PROTEIN, FIBROBLAST ISOFORM (ADP/ATP TRANSLOCASE 2) (ADENINE NUCLEOTIDE TRANSLOCATOR 2) (ANT 2) - HOMO SAPIENS (HUMAN).
O45865 T27E9.1 PROTEIN - CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS.
O46373 ADP/ATP TRANSLOCASE - ORYCTOLAGUS CUNICULUS (RABBIT).
O49447 ADP, ATP CARRIER-LIKE PROTEIN - ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA (MOUSE-EAR CRESS).
O49875 ADENINE NUCLEOTIDE TRANSLOCATOR - LUPINUS ALBUS (WHITE LUPINE).
O62526 ADP/ATP TRANSLOCASE - DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER (FRUIT FLY).
O74260 ADP/ATP CARRIER PROTEIN - CANDIDA PARAPSILOSIS (YEAST).
O76286 ADP/ATP CARRIER - TRYPANOSOMA BRUCEI BRUCEI.
P91410 SIMILAR TO ADP/ATP TRANSLOCASE - CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS.
P93767 ADP/ATP TRANSLOCATOR - LYCOPERSICON ESCULENTUM (TOMATO).
Q17407 ADP/ATP TRANSLOCASE - CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS.
Q18683 C47E12.2 PROTEIN - CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS.
Q21103 K01H12.2 PROTEIN - CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS.
Q25129 ADT/ATP TRANSLOCASE - HALOCYNTHIA RORETZI (SEA SQUIRT).
Q25692 ADENINE NUCLEOTIDE TRANSLOCASE - PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM.
Q26006 ADP/ATP TRANSPORTER ON ADENYLATE TRANSLOCASE - PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM.
Q26697 RHODESIENSE ADP/ATP CARRIER - TRYPANOSOMA BRUCEI RHODESIENSE.
Q41628 ATP/ADP CARRIER PROTEIN - TRITICUM TURGIDUM (POULARD WHEAT) (RIVET WHEAT).
Q62164 ADENINE NUCLEOTIDE CARRIER - MUS MUSCULUS (MOUSE).
P91270 SIMILAR TO ADP. ATP CARRIER PROTEIN - CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS.
Q91336 ADP/ATP TRANSLOCASE - RANA SYLVATICA (WOOD FROG).
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