| Literature References | 1. STRASSER, P., GIMONA, M., MOESSLER, H., HERZOG M. AND SMALL, J.V.
Mammalian calponin. Identification and expression of genetic variants.
FEBS LETT. 330 13-18 (1993).
2. APPLEGATE, D., FENG, W., GREEN, R.S.and TAUBMAN, M.B.
Cloning and expression of a novel acidic calponin isoform from rat
aortic vascular smooth muscle.
J.BIOL.CHEM. 269 10683-10690 (1994).
3. SAMAHA, F.F., IP, H.S., MORRISEY, E.E., SELTZER, J., TANG, Z.,
SOLWAY, J. AND PARMACEK, M.S.
Developmental pattern of expression and genomic organization of the
calponin-h1 gene. a contractile smooth muscle cell marker.
J.BIOL.CHEM. 271 395-403 (1996).
4. SOLWAY, J., SELTZER, J., SAMAHA, F.F., KIM, S., ALGER, L.E., NIU, Q.,
MORRISEY, E.E., IP, H.S. AND PARMACEK, M.S.
Structure and expression of a smooth muscle cell-specific gene, SM22 alpha.
J.BIOL.CHEM. 270 13460-13469 (1995).
5. PRINJHA, R.K., SHAPLAND, C.E., HSUAN, J.J., TOTTY, N.F., MASON, I.J.
AND LAWSON, D.
Cloning and sequencing of cDNAs encoding the actin cross-linking protein
transgelin defines a new family of actin-associated proteins.
CELL MOTIL.CYTOSKEL. 28 243-255 (1994).
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| Documentation | Calponin is a smooth muscle-specific, actin-, tropomyosin- and calmodulin-
binding protein believed to be involved in regulation or modulation of
contraction [1,2]; interaction of the protein with actin inhibits actomyosin
MgATPase activity. Multiple isoforms are found in smooth muscle [2].
Calponin is a basic protein of ~34 Kd [3]. The protein contains three
repeats of a well-conserved 26-residue domain, which is also found in a
variety of proteins whose physiological role is as yet unclear (these
include vertebrate smooth muscle protein (SM22 or transgelin), Drosophila
synchronous flight muscle protein, C.elegans unc-87 protein, and rat
neuronal protein NP25).
SM22-alpha is expressed exclusively in smooth muscle-containing tissues of
adult animals and is one of the earliest markers of differentiated smooth
muscle cells (SMCs) [4]. SM22-alpha mRNA is expressed at high levels in the aorta,
uterus, lung, and intestine, and in primary cultures of rat aortic SMCs,
and the SMC line, A7r5 [4].
Transgelin is the product of a single gene that is conserved in yeast,
Drosophila, molluscs and humans [5], and is highly similar to several other
proteins of unknown function (including mouse p27 and human WS3-10). The
smaller domains of similarity shared between transgelin and other proteins,
such as rat NP25, chicken calponins alpha and beta, and Drosophila mp20,
suggest that these proteins may be classified as members of a new transgelin
multigene family [5].
SM22CALPONIN is an 8-element fingerprint that provides a signature for
the calponin/SM22 family. The fingerprint was derived from an initial
alignment of 11 sequences: the motifs were drawn from conserved regions
spanning virtually the full alignment length - motif 8 lies in the
C-terminal calponin-like domain encoded by PROSITE pattern CALPONIN
(PS01052). Two iterations on OWL30.2 were required to reach convergence,
at which point a true set comprising 23 sequences was identified. Several
partial matches were also found, all of which are fragments and/or
SM22/calponin homologues that fail to match one or more motifs.
An update on SPTR37_9f identified a true set of 17 sequences, and 8
partial matches.
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| Sequence Titles | CLP1_HUMAN CALPONIN H1, SMOOTH MUSCLE (BASIC CALPONIN) - HOMO SAPIENS (HUMAN).
CLP1_MOUSE CALPONIN H1, SMOOTH MUSCLE (BASIC CALPONIN) - MUS MUSCULUS (MOUSE).
CLP1_PIG CALPONIN H1, SMOOTH MUSCLE (BASIC CALPONIN) - SUS SCROFA (PIG).
CLP1_RAT CALPONIN H1, SMOOTH MUSCLE (BASIC CALPONIN) - RATTUS NORVEGICUS (RAT).
CLP2_MOUSE CALPONIN H2, SMOOTH MUSCLE - MUS MUSCULUS (MOUSE).
CLPA_RAT CALPONIN, ACIDIC ISOFORM (CALPONIN, NON-MUSCLE ISOFORM) - RATTUS NORVEGICUS (RAT).
CLPO_CHICK CALPONIN ALPHA AND BETA, SMOOTH MUSCLE - GALLUS GALLUS (CHICKEN).
NP25_RAT NEURONAL PROTEIN NP25 - RATTUS NORVEGICUS (RAT).
O93547 CALPONIN H3 - XENOPUS LAEVIS (AFRICAN CLAWED FROG).
Q15417 ACIDIC CALPONIN - HOMO SAPIENS (HUMAN).
Q24799 MYOPHILIN ANTIGEN - ECHINOCOCCUS GRANULOSUS.
Q92578 NEUTRAL CALPONIN - HOMO SAPIENS (HUMAN).
SM22_CHICK SMOOTH MUSCLE PROTEIN 22-ALPHA (SM22-ALPHA) - GALLUS GALLUS (CHICKEN).
SM22_HUMAN SMOOTH MUSCLE PROTEIN 22-ALPHA (SM22-ALPHA) (TRANSGELIN) (WS3-10) (22 KD ACTIN-BINDING PROTEIN) - HOMO SAPIENS (HUMAN).
SM22_MOUSE SMOOTH MUSCLE PROTEIN 22-ALPHA (SM22-ALPHA) (TRANSGELIN) (ACTIN- ASSOCIATED PROTEIN P27) - MUS MUSCULUS (MOUSE).
SM22_RAT SMOOTH MUSCLE PROTEIN 22-ALPHA (SM22-ALPHA) (TRANSGELIN) - RATTUS NORVEGICUS (RAT).
SM2H_HUMAN SM22-ALPHA HOMOLOG (HA1756) (KIAA0120) - HOMO SAPIENS (HUMAN).
MP20_DROME MUSCLE-SPECIFIC PROTEIN 20 - DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER (FRUIT FLY).
O44788 D1069.2 PROTEIN - CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS.
P91888 CALPONIN HOMOLOG - SCHISTOSOMA MANSONI (BLOOD FLUKE).
Q93713 F43G9.9 PROTEIN - CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS.
O44727 F49D11.8 PROTEIN - CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS.
P91763 CALPONIN HOMOLOG MJCAP-1 - MELOIDOGYNE JAVANICA (ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE).
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